Chemical analysis || Class-12|| -Topkala

Chemical analysis. Physical Chemistry Notes .Class 12. Volumetric analysis

Chemical Analysis Tree Diagram 

Chemical analysis is the application of a process in order to identify or quantify a sample, in the component of mixture or solution or the determination of structure of chemical compound.

According to the syllabus of Class 12, Chemical analysis is categorized into two parts:

1. Qualitative analysis eg: (Detection of radical, Detection of foreign element)

→Qualitative analysis involves the detection and identification of an analyte in a given sample.

2. Quantitative analysis:

→Quantitative analysis involves the accurate estimation of a particular analyte present in a given sample.

Quantitative analysis is further categorized into 3 parts:

• Volumetric analysis.  (Titration)

→Volumetric analysis is the method of determination of unknown concentration by finding out the exact volume required to neutralize it with a standard solution.

Volumetric analysis ultimately lead to the determination of amount of constituent particles present in a given solution. 

            The experimental will techniques employ to determine the strength of unknown solution by finding out the exact volume required to neutralize it with a standard solution in the presence of suitable indicator is called Titration.

Volumetric analysis or titration is further categorized into 5 parts which are

1. Acid base titration

2. Redox titration

3. Precipitation titration (Argentrometric Titration)

4. Complexometric titration

5. Iodometric and Iodimetric titration.

• Gravimetric analysis.

→Gravimetric analysis is the most accurate and precise method of macro quantitative analysis in which the amount of constituent present in solutions is determined by precipitating their species from solution and taking the weight of the PPT.

                                            In this process the analyte is selectively converted into an insoluble form. The separate PPT is dried up or ignited possibly to another form and is accurately weighted. From the weight of ppt and a knowledge of its chemical composition,we can calculate the mass of analyte in desired form.

•  Instrumental analysis.

(Not Specified in syllabus)